Mitosis

Overview: Mitosis is the process that cells use to make new cells.

Many biological events are easier to understand when they are explained by means of models. By duplicating nudear events of mitosis in a model, this investigation will help you to understand the process. Materials: 8 bead strands of 4 different colors, (Both strands of the same color should be the same length.), pipe deaners, scissors, chalk. Procedure:

Draw cirlces and arrows as shown at the left.
***Mitosis or cell division is a continuous process. Never the less, the cell is in a certain stage when certain events are occurring or have occurred. Using other resources. describe what is happening in each stage.

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Interphase

In Cell 1 place 4 different colored bead strands in a Jumbled mesa. (Each strand represents a chromosome.)
In Cell 2 show duplication of these four strands by using your other four chromosomes. Join each chromosome to its duplicate with a pipedeaner section. (Each chromosome half is now called a chromatic, and the point of attachment is called the centromere.)
In Cell 3 arrange the chromosome material vertically on the equatorial plate between the two spindles.
In Cell 4 separate the chromatics of each chromosome at the centromere and move them to opposite poles.
In Cell 5 "jumble" the chromosomes.

The stages of mitosis you have tried to model are

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

Interphase is the non-dividing stage in which the cell spends about 90% of the time.

Lable the Cell. diagrams on this page with "stage names".
Repeat the division process several times. Quiz yourselves and each other.

Vocabulary

Interphase:	DNA looks like spaghetti in a bowl. In this phase, the cell grows, makes proteins, sugars, etc.
Prophase:	DNA condenses and duplicates. This is the first time that you see chromosomes.
Metaphase:	Spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the nucleus' axis, like lining up players to pick teams for a softball game. Think of the easiest way to split up the DNA, the chromosomes evenly.
Anaphase:	Spindle fibers pull the chromosomes apart, pulling each chromatid to opposite ends of the nucleus. If you were fishing, the fish would be the chromosomes, and the line would be the spindle fibers.
Telephase:	Hardest to see. The chromatids are on opposite ends of the nucleus. This phase ends mitosis with the formation of new nuclear membranes around the new DNA.
Cytokinesis:	Once new nuclei have formed, the cells cytoplasm evenly divide, and the cell pulls apart. The cell membrane forms to create two daughter cells.

Cell Biology

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Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase